As observant Muslims across the globe prepare for the start of Ramadan, many are watching the sky for the crescent moon that signals the holy month’s beginning. This year, Ramadan is expected to start on Feb. 18 or 19, 2026, depending on the sighting of the new moon. That sighting determines when the daily fasts from dawn to sunset will begin.
The month ends with Eid al-Fitr, one of the most joyful holidays in the Islamic calendar, celebrated with food, gifts and communal gatherings.
How the beginning of Ramadan is determined
Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, and because the calendar follows the phases of the moon, its start date moves earlier each year. The beginning of the month is traditionally tied to the sighting of the crescent moon. Islamic authorities around the world make independent announcements based on physical sightings or astronomical calculations, which means the exact first day can differ among regions and communities.
This year, the start of Ramadan is anticipated to fall around the same time as Ash Wednesday, creating a rare moment when two major faith traditions observe fasting and reflection at once. For many Muslims, this alignment adds an extra layer of meaning to the spiritual season.
Why fasting is central to the month
Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is considered a way to practice discipline, gratitude and compassion. The daily fast includes refraining from food and drink from dawn until sunset. Families and friends gather at the end of each day to break the fast with iftar, a meal often beginning with dates and water before continuing with regional dishes and home-cooked favorites.
Before dawn, many wake for suhoor, the predawn meal that offers hydration and nourishment for the day ahead. Prayer, reading of the Quran and reflection are woven throughout the month, with worshippers often attending additional evening prayers at local mosques.
Charity is another hallmark of Ramadan. People prepare food for others, donate to those in need and support community programs that offer warm meals. Many prepare boxes filled with pantry staples to give to families who rely on communal support during the month.
Who is exempt from fasting
While fasting is encouraged for adults who are physically capable, there are exceptions. Those experiencing illness or traveling are exempt and are expected to make up missed days when they are able. Children who have not reached puberty are not required to fast, though some may choose to participate for shorter periods to learn the tradition.
How traditions vary across cultures
Ramadan is observed by ethnically and culturally diverse communities, and while the spiritual foundation remains the same, traditions differ widely.
In Cairo, the month is marked by vibrant lanterns hanging from balconies and doorways, creating a warm glow through neighborhoods. Drummers known as mesaharati traditionally walk through streets before dawn, waking families for suhoor. Large community iftars often fill public spaces, including shared meals in local districts.
Across Indonesia, Ramadan customs vary by region. In Aceh, families take part in Meugang festivities, preparing meat dishes to share with neighbors, friends and people in need. In Jakarta, many visit rivers for symbolic cleansing rituals to welcome the new month. On the island of Sumatra, children parade after evening prayers carrying torches and singing.
In the United States, Muslim communities come together at mosques and Islamic centers to share meals, pray and deepen connections. Interfaith iftars have become more common, offering an opportunity for neighbors of different backgrounds to learn about the month’s meaning.
A month defined by faith and connection
Though customs vary across continents, Ramadan remains anchored in reflection, generosity and devotion. For many, it is a time to reset spiritually and connect more intentionally with community and tradition.
Source: The Independent
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